Lining for blast cabinets and the like



4 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Oct. 8, 1947 emv ATTORNEYS AugfZ, 1949. s. D. DILL.

LINING FOR BLAST CABINETS AND THE LIKE 4 sheets-,sheet 2 Filed 0.61:. 8, 1947 .IIJ lflllhUlIlL wm QS /L BERT D 'Pl/ L yww, ATTORNEYS Aug. 2,

G. D. DILL 2,478,153

LINING FOR BLAST CABINETS AND THE LIKE 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 ATTORNEYS lg- 2, 1949 G. D. DILL 2,478,153

LINING FOR BLAST CABINETS AND THE LIKE Filled oct. s, 1947 v 4 sheets-sheet 4 INVENTOR y G/LBEHT D. /LL

ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. 2, 19.497

LINING FOR BLAST CABINETS 'AND THE LIKE Gilbert Il.. DilL, South Bend, 1nd-, .assigner to Americanwheelabrator & Equipment Corporation, Mishawaka, Ind., a corporation of Dela- Application ocmw. s, met serial No. 773.5391

2 Claims- The invention relates to blasting or cleaning' equipment, and more particularly to a protective lining fOr the cabinet thereof,

This application. is a cohtllluationen-part .of application, Serial No. 537,923, filed December 2.9, 1945, which issued as Patent No. 46a-Sell, `dated March 29 194.9..

A common `trouble in blasting or cleaning equipment is the wearing of the cabinet. sidewalls and ceiling due to aCtOh of the abrasive or `other blasting material. Such material may strike the cabinet walls directly from the throw.- ing wheels or other blasting equipment ,or it may ricochet from. the wort: being processed .or Aother portions el the equipment in the room.

General objects of the invention vare to prcvide a lining which is sectional, and ,readily replaeef able. and adapted to. cover .variably shaped areas., and to protect areas `adiacent the various .service and other openings necessary te have in .the cabinet.

According to a preerred embodiment of Vthe invention, the vertical cabinet Walls may be provided with a series of horizontal raile spaced .from the walls by suital'fleV brackets on which may .be hung. the .several removable weer plates. .Each wear plate may comprise a relatively heavy plate having a hook secured to the baci; face thereof and adapted Vto engage over the wall rails. The plates'in any horizontal row 'have their side edges in abutting relation and each upper row ,overlaps the next `lower row forming a clapboard or shinglo-like lining.

According -to a preferred form of the invention the cabinet roof may have a similaroverlapping construction. If desired, the overlapping rows of plates may be placed between I-beagms, resting on the lower anges thereof.; suitable wearing material is welded to the underside of the lower flanges to protect the exposed parts of the I-beams. The I-bearns may `Vhave open ings in the webs thereof to facilitate removal of the roof plates. The roof plates may also have hooks near .an overlapping edge thereof engaging similar hooks suspended from the ceiling to prevent accidental shifting Yof the plates.

VProvision is also -rnade for preventing trapping or the abrasive lbehind the -wear plates. rPhe overlapping adjacent margins of the ceiling plates may be vslightly spaced to allowvany abra sive .getting in between the plates to work itself 2 abrasive is diverted into the. usuel .floor hoprers The invention also consists, in certain new and original features and combinations hereinafter Set forth and claimed..

Although the .nevel features which are .believed .to vbe Characteristic of this invention will. be pertieularly pointed out in` the .Claims ,appended hereto.. the invention itself,A aS t0' its eblet and advantages, and .the manner' in which it. may be carried out. mey be better understood' by refers ring to the following .description teken in eee- YDeetien With the aecmperiying drawings. forming a part hereof', in which.: 4

Fie. .1 represents .e transverse Crees. section through e typical blasting cabinet looking t9- wards the end wall in which ,the work enit `is orrne l, niost of' the work supporting structure end blasting mechanism beine emitted fer eimplicity of illustration;

2 is e leneitudinel section.; partly .breken away.. taken en theline `2efFie 11:

3 is er1-.emerged .freemeeterrseetien teken on the line V43--3 of' Fig. l, showing the ceiling plates supported .byl-bearns Fig. 4 is fan enlarged fragmentary section taken alone vline 4-4. etliie-A 2! .and ,Shewine .e Pertien of theceiling and front wall of the .cabinetallgi itslining;

Fig; `5 is a section similar vlso-Fig. e orina slightly reduced scale, showing certain `successive'steps for-the removal of the ceiling plates;

Fig. 6 is a rear -lv-iew, in perspective, .of a typical side and end walllining plate;

Fig. "I is a section similar to Fig. 4 but showinga modifledfmanner of `placing the ceiling plates on the 'I-beams;

Fig. 8 4is a detail show-ing modined roof clap,- board plates and manner ofhangi ng;gand

Fig, 9 is a detail showing rriodied side clapboard plates and manner oil-ianging.

In the following description andl in the claims, various details will lloe identiedby specific names for convenience, but they are 'intended to be as generic in ltheir application as the 4art will per'- rnlt.

Like reference characters denote like parts in the several figures o f the drawings.

In the drawings accompanying and forming Apart of this specification, certain specific Ydis closure .of theinven-tlon is made for purposes of explanation-but it will be understood that thedetails may be modified in Various respects without departure `from the-broad aspect of theinyention.

Referring now to the drawings and rnore p rtloularlytoFigs. 1 arid-2, the installation in the 3 form shown comprises in general a cabinet I8 having a roof I2, rear wall I4, end walls I6 (one only of which is shown) and front wall I8. The cabinet I8 is built on a foundation 28 and completely covers a pit 22 in said foundation and in which is mounted the reservoir or hoppers 24 for receiving the spent abrasive as it falls from the Work being processed. A iioor grating 26, mounted on beams 28 and angle bars 30, forms a perforate cover for the hoppers 24 and a oor to the cabinet I8. The floor grating 26 and its supporting structure provides a floor level for the use of maintenance men when working in the cabinet and also means for mounting the usual equipment and structural units associated with abrasive blasting apparatus of the type referred to in the copending application hereinbefore mentioned.

Certain portions of this equipment are diagrammatically indicated in Figs. l and 2 by dot and dash lines; such portions comprise a motor driven abrasive throwing or blast wheel 32, tracks 34 to carry the blast wheel motor (not shown) in and out of the cabinet, the skelp or other work 36 being processed and one of the beams 38 upon which may be mounted the work supporting and guiding structures. The direction of work progress through the cabinet is indicated by the arrow A. These diagrammatically indicated elements 32, 34, 36 and 38 are shown merely to reveal approximate relative position of one form of blasting set-up which may be used in conjunction with the illustrated form of cabinet.

The cabinet I8 may be of knock-down welded construction to facilitate handling in shipping and erection. The walls I4, I6, I8 and roof I2 may be fabricated of steel plate about one-half inch in thickness and have heavy structural steel reinforcing members where needed, such as Wall and roof-joining angle bars 48, oor sill 42, externally disposed wall and sill-joining angle bars 44, and appropriately spaced vertical members 46.

Various openings into the interior of the cabinet may be provided in the several walls and roof as, for example, a service door 48, work exit 58, blast wheel apparatus entrance 52 and conduit aperture 54. Sealing of the various openings against the escape of flying abrasive may be accomplished by several devices such as rubber curtains (not shown), a shroud plate forming part of a blast apparatus (not shown) and adapted to cover apparatus entrance 52 when the apparatus is in operating position or other means well known in the art. In the case of the apparatus entrance 52, bolts 56 may be fixed at spaced intervals about the borders of the entrance and project outwardly to permit securing of the aforementioned shroud plate thereto.

The cabinet I8 is suiiiciently roomy to insure the desired decrease in intensity of rebounding abrasive particles and all the exposed interior surfaces of the walls and roof are protected by a lining of thick steel wearing plates forming an overlapping or clapboard effect sheathing as will now be described.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 6, the several lining plates 68 are generally rectangular in shape; each has a short angle bar or hook 62 welded or otherwise secured to the rear face about one third the plate length from the top edge and equi-distant from each side edge. The hooks 62 permit the plates 68 to be hung on the walls of the cabinet without the use of bolts, thus providing means for rapid and easy removal and replacement of individual plates as the need may arise. The location of the hook 62 in relation to the center of gravity of the plate 68 is such that, when the plate is hung on the cabinet wall, its lower margin tips toward the wall and, when in overlapping relation to the plate directly below, this lower margin rests against, and is supported by, the upper margin of the lower plate.

Generally speaking, the plates 68 may be approximately 12 wide by 24" long by 1l thick and weigh in the order of to 100 pounds; however, plates which border such cabinet openings as work exit 50 may be varied in size and shape to accommodate themselves to the contour of such openings and associated superstructure. Thus, plates 64, 68 are notched out to make room for beam 36 and plates 68 are shortened to permit insertion of eave plates 'I8 between them and exit opening 58. Other similar variations will be obvious to those skilled in the art, for adapting the plates to particular conditions.

Means for hanging the lining plates on the cabinet walls I4, I6, I8 in horizontal rows and in overlapping relationship are provided and, as embodies, comprise series of hanger rails 'I2 horizontally disposed along the walls and secured thereto but slightly spaced therefrom by bracket plates 74. Rails I2 are structurally continuous along a particular Wall for substantially its full length except where said wall may be interrupted by openings, but may, for convenience, be made of adjoining strips.

Each of the hanger rails 'I2 serves as a support for a horizontal row of lining plates 68; the plate hook 62 is placed over and in back of the rail and each plate abuts its neighbor along its side edges. The rails I2 are placed at various heights along the walls so that the upper and lower margins of the plates underlap and overlap respectively the corresponding margins of the plates next above and below.

The upper portion of the topmost row of wall plates 68 cooperate with the ceiling plates to seal the upper corners of the cabinet. The lowermost row of wall plates 68, having no plates beneath them, are held in spaced relation to the wall by support rails 'I6 secured to but spaced from the Walls by a plurality of bracket plates 78. By this arrangement space may be secured between the walls, wall plates and sill plates 80 whereby abra.- sive, sifting through the wall clapboard sheathing, may drop into the hoppers 24.

Service openings into the cabinet, such as the door 48, may be provided with individual lining plates 82 and hanger rails 84 so placed as to substantially duplicate the clapboard effect of the wall plate arrangement. The side and top reaches of the group of plates 82, which form a door back, abut, rather than overlap, the adjacent wall plates so that the door may be opened without disturbing the plate arrangement.

It may be desirable to have certain cabinet openings, such as the work exit 58, protected by eave plates placed so that their exposed surfaces are at a sharp angle with respect to the wall and ceiling plates whereby the ricocheting abrasive may be better directed away from such openings. As illustrated, a group of eave plates 'I8 are supported in an inclined position directly above work exit 58 by having their upper edges bearing against end wall I6 and their lower edges resting on an angle bar 86. Triangularly shaped bracket plates 88, welded to the ends of bar 86 and to the end wall I6, serve both as supports for said bar and as closures for the triangular space created 5 between the ends of theL group-lofinclinedi-eave plates lilY and the adjacent vertical wall "plates. A stop. lug 90' is fixed on= the bartliin'A frontof each eave plate Nif to'hold the plate inits proper position.

To prevent accumulation of spent abrasive on top of iioor sills 42 in the lower cornersof the cabinet and direct it through the floor grating 2-6 intothe hoppers 2d, such' corners may be-covered by inclined sill plates 8d arranged endto end and having their upper edges bearing` against-walls I4, I6, i8 and their lower edges resting on floor sills 42. Welded to the underside'of each sillplat'e B', to insure it against' slipping out of place; is a bearing strip 92 so placed that, when' sill plate 801 is in its proper inclined position, the bearing strip 92 bears on, and is normal'to, iloor"sill42i Referring now to the means for protecting the ropf" l2' of the cabinet from flying abrasive', a; plu;- rality` of ceiling plates 96 are arranged and supported in overlapping relationship so as to completely line or sheath the area between roof beams 90' of the inner surface of roof |2,except' for such openings 5t in the roof as may be necessary for abrasive conduits and other structure associated with the particular blasting apparatus which may be inuse in the cabinet.

As embodied, -beams 9S are welded or otherwise secured on the underside of roofV |2` parallel to each otherV and transverse of. the cabinet from rear wall l'llto front wall I3; I-beams. 9E are so arranged that the space betweenadjacent, beams 96' accommodates one row of ceiling plates 94. Support for the ceiling plates 94' is afforded by the lower flanges 9&3V of the lbeams 95'; the space between the facing edges of each pair of flanges 98 is less than the length of the ceiling plates 94 which they support. Each end row of ceiling plates 9d adjacent end Walls 'IS require. additional support along one edge, which may be provided by an angle bar lill? weldedto thesvertical flange of corner bar il of the cabinet structure.

Overlapping of the ceiling plates 94 in each row may be accomplished simply by laying the margin of one plate over the adjacent margin ofthe followingplate; but in certaincases where excessive vibration may occur during. blastingoperations it. is desirable that possible-shifting. of the plates out of position be prevented. To this end each ceiling plate 94 may have a hook bar |02 (Figs. 3 5) fixed to its upper surface and nearer that margin of the plate which is to overlap the following plate. Hook bars |02 engage hooks IOM which are welded to the under surface of roof l2.

The engaging hooks of hook bars |02 and hooks |013 are formed at a slight incline to the horizontal in such direction that any force tending to disengage them, and thus shift the plates out of position, is resisted lby the weight of the plates. The size of hooks |02, |04 may be such that the overlapping margins of adjacent plates may be either in very light contact or very slightly spaced from each other as blasting conditions may require.

Since the ceiling plates 94, which are supported on the flanges 98 of I-beams 96, leave the anges exposed to blast action, heavy steel strips |06, slightly wider than the flanges 98, and extending the full length of the I-beam 96, may be Welded to the underside of anges 98, thus fully shielding the flanges against abrasive action.

Openings in the roof I2, such as conduit opening 54, may be protected in a similar manner;

4J'mittheplates to be shifted thev amount necessary tofcleaar-either plateedge from: its supporting ange 98. Asembodied-a rectangular hole H6 i`s=formed the web of` eachI-beam 96" (Fig. 3) at'-`each endlthereof, vand having a length. and

Width sufficiently greater thanthe widthf and thicltriessL orf-'the associated ceiling-#plates topermit the plates tof beassembled or removed-by a snaleing inor out process as' will now befdescribed.`

Referring 4to Figsef 3, e, 5, it will be 'assumed that saine intermediate ceiling plate 9&5, Ibetween t'ne end plates of a ceiling rowfis to be removed.A It isfrstnecessary to remove end plate SGbefor-e intermediate plate 946 can be removed.

The end plate 94a -isfir'stlifted upwardly on that side abutting Wall plate 60 and shifted to the left so that said side overlaps'the top edge of wall plate `ed;asindicated by dot-'and-dash lines in'Fig 5. Indoing this-the' plate'hoolf |02 is disengaged from hook iii andthe `sideof plate 94u, which overlapped' plate 941bjis freed there*- f-rom YandV dropped to the flanges 98 of beams asshown in dotand-dash lines in Fig. A5.

Next, the left margin of plate 94h isl raised over theA adjacent margin of plate Q'Ia and shifted to the leftjunhooking it Vand in .turn freeing its right hand side from' plate 94e and permitting it to'be dropped' upon thebeam flanges 98, as shown in dot-anli-dash lines Fig: 5.

The left margin of plate 94o' is nowraised. and plate` 94h then lshiftedat'oV the rightg, which brings plate 94p partially beneath plate 9de, completely off'and away from plate 94a `andresting flat upon beam flanges. 98' in the position shown in solid-'lines in. Fig.' 5.

Plate 94a maynow be shifted to the right so as to rest flat on beam flanges 98 with its end opposite the .hole |I6" in the web of beam 96, as shown in solid lines in Fig. 5L Plate 94a can now be lifted slightly at its left margin (Fig. 3) and shifted a suicient distance through web hole ||5 to free its opposite margin from the supporting flange 98, whence it may be dropped past the flange, shifted to the right and entirely removed from the supporting structure.

Similarly, plate 94h (and any additional plates) may now be moved to a position opposite web hole H6 and removed in a like manner. Replacement of plates may be made in a similar manner but in a generally reverse order. Since a web hole H6 is provided at each end of beams 96, it is obvious that comparatively few plates have to be shifted to permit removal and replacement of a centrally disposed plate in any row.

In certain cases, or in certain specific areas, a cabinet ceiling may not be subject to the maximum deleterious action of flying abrasive so that the overlapping of ceiling plates to give maximum wearing qualities may be unnecessary; in Fig. 7 there is shown a modified manner in which these plates maybe arranged. As embodied, plates |20 are simply laid in line, flat upon the beam anges 98 and abut one another along their side edges,

kto the roof wall |20 of the cabinet.

sealing the joint and reducing to a minimum any pitting action of the flying abrasive.

Figures 8 and 9 illustrate a modified construction. Referring to these gures, the roof plates, indicated in general by |46 in Fig. 8, have hooks |41 welded along one margin of the plate.y These hooks are hung on depending brackets |48welded It will be noted that the hooks |41 are located near one edge of the plate and the other end of the liner plate rests upon the adjoining margin |49 yof the ,l

next plate forming a lap joint at this point.

The assembly'` of side plates is indicated in Fig.

9, each side platebeing indicated by |50. The

side plates have angle clips |5| Welded thereto engaging over angles |52 Welded to the side walls or end walls (indicated by |24) of the cabinet. The wall angles |52 have openings |53 in the bottom thereof for reasons discussed hereinafter. The upper edges of the side plates |59 may form supports for adjacent roof plates |46, if desired, as indicated.

In both roof Aplates Vand side and end wall plates the adjoining liner plates in each row have butt joints; it is only the plates of adjoining rows that have lap joints; thus being similar to ordinary outdoor house roof shingles. In the vertical or upstanding walls the butt joints thus extend vertically and the lap joints extend in line horizontally.

It has been found that the clapboard conn struction withstands the action of the abrasive better than horizontal butt joints which have a tendency to permit the abrasive to wear grooves therein at the joints. The openings |53 in the side angles |52 permit the draining or dropping of the abrasive which may become lodged in the angles and thus reduces inactive abrasive.

The foregoing description and accompanying drawings thus disclose efficient, economical and highly adaptive instrumentalities for lining the interior walls and roofs of abrasive blasting equipment cabinets. These walls and roofs may assume a variety of sizes and shapes; the above disclosed lining is simple to make and easy to handle; the lining is adaptive to an overlapping or f A8 clapboard arrangement along cabinet walls and ceiling, which reduces to a minimum abutting joints in those areas wherein the wearing action of flying blast material is greatest.

While certain novel features of the invention have been disclosed herein, and are pointed out in the annexed claims, it will be understood that various omissions, substitutions and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. In a blasting apparatus, a cabinet having a roof, parallel I-beams forming part of said roof, rows of wear plates between said I-beams and resting on the lower ilanges thereof, wear strips secured to the lower surface of said lower flanges, the plates in each row overlapping the adjoining margin of the adjoining plate, each plate having a hook on its back side near the margin which overlies the adjoining plate, said roof having hooks engaging said plate hooks, certain of said I-beams having openings in the webs thereof to facilitate removal of wear plates between the I-beams.

2. In a blasting apparatus, a cabinet having enclosing walls including a roof, a plurality of hooks depending from said roof, a roof lining comprising a plurality of rows of plates, the plates in each row having abutting relationship, the plates in adjoining rows having overlapping relationship, hooks attached to said plates near longitudinal edges thereof interlocked with said roof hooks, the longitudinal margins cf the plates opposite the hooks being free of hooks and resting on top of the margin of the adjoining row of plates.

1 GILBERT D. DILL.

REFERENCES CITED The following referenlces are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,489,683 Allen Apr. 8, 1924 1,499,022 Mokinley et al. June 24, 1924 2,304,071 Bollinger Dec. 8, 1942 2,418,758 Cooper Apr. 8, 1947 2,432,445 Roe Dec. 9, 1947 2,442,678 Dybiec June l, 1948 

